Reference
·Supporting source
EU CBAM Phase 2 Effective Penalty on Thai Hard-to-Abate Exports
EUR 75-95 per tonne CO2
EU CBAM Phase 2 effective from 2026-2027 imposes an estimated EUR 75-95 per tonne CO2 carbon border adjustment on Thai cement, fertiliser, hydrogen, aluminium, and iron-and-steel exports. The penalty is the structural driver for CCUS as a compliance hedge rather than a voluntary ESG initiative, and it dwarfs the marginal cost differential between conventional and CCS-abated tonnes for several Thai operators.
Figure in context
EU CBAM Phase 2 effective from 2026-2027 imposes an estimated EUR 75-95 per tonne CO2 carbon border adjustment on Thai cement, fertiliser, hydrogen, aluminium, and iron-and-steel exports. The penalty is the structural driver for CCUS as a compliance hedge rather than a voluntary ESG initiative, and it dwarfs the marginal cost differential between conventional and CCS-abated tonnes for several Thai operators.
EU CBAM Phase 2 effective from 2026-2027 imposes an estimated EUR 75-95 per tonne CO2 carbon border adjustment on Thai cement, fertiliser, hydrogen, aluminium, and iron-and-steel exports. The penalty is the structural driver for CCUS as a compliance hedge rather than a voluntary ESG initiative, and it dwarfs the marginal cost differential between conventional and CCS-abated tonnes for several Thai operators.
Time scope
2026-2027
Source basis
Supporting source
Interpretation notes
What this tells you
EU CBAM Phase 2 effective from 2026-2027 imposes an estimated EUR 75-95 per tonne CO2 carbon border adjustment on Thai cement, fertiliser, hydrogen, aluminium, and iron-and-steel exports. The penalty is the structural driver for CCUS as a compliance hedge rather than a voluntary ESG initiative, and it dwarfs the marginal cost differential between conventional and CCS-abated tonnes for several Thai operators.
What not to do with it
Use the linked report for interpretation and keep basis differences explicit.
Related figures
Adjacent numbers that add context without drowning the value.
Thailand CCUS Operating Market Revenue (2027E)
PTTEP disclosures, BOI Section 8 CCUS package, Global CCS Institute Thailand chapter 2025, Insight Research triangulation
Thailand CO2 Captured and Stored Volume (2027E)
PTTEP Arthit feasibility, SCG and PTTGC sustainability reports, Bangchak FY2024 disclosures
Gulf of Thailand Offshore CCUS Storage Capacity (Arthit, Erawan, Bongkot)
PTTEP Q2 2025 CCS feasibility study, Global CCS Institute Thailand chapter
Thailand CCUS Levelised Capture-and-Storage Cost per Tonne
PTTEP feasibility, SCG cement sustainability disclosures, PTTGC and IRPC sustainability supplements, IEA Thailand CCUS country page
PTTEP CCS Hub Share of Thai CCUS Revenue (2027E)
PTTEP corporate disclosures, JOGMEC trilateral MOU release, Insight Research operator triangulation
Thailand CCUS Green and Transition Bond Financing (2026-2027)
EXIM Bank Thailand sustainability disclosures, ADB Thailand Just Transition project page, Bank of Thailand thematic bond statistics
Report context
Atlas actors in this figure's reports
Profiles covered in the report that cite this number.