Reference
·Supporting source
Smallholder share of Thai commercial plantation area
~72%
Smallholders — defined as plot holders managing ≤50 rai (≤8 hectares) of plantation land — control approximately 72% of Thailand's commercial timber and rubber plantation area in 2024 per RAOT, RFD, and OAE surveys. The smallholder dominance is highest in rubber (>80% of planted area held by smallholders) and eucalyptus (~70%) and lowest in acacia and teak (<40%, where state and corporate plantations dominate). Smallholder fragmentation creates downstream procurement complexity for furniture mills, panel manufacturers, and pulp producers, who run contract-farming and aggregator networks. The fragmentation also raises the cost of EUDR-style traceability compliance materially.
Figure in context
Smallholders — defined as plot holders managing ≤50 rai (≤8 hectares) of plantation land — control approximately 72% of Thailand's commercial timber and rubber plantation area in 2024 per RAOT, RFD, and OAE surveys. The smallholder dominance is highest in rubber (>80% of planted area held by smallholders) and eucalyptus (~70%) and lowest in acacia and teak (<40%, where state and corporate plantations dominate). Smallholder fragmentation creates downstream procurement complexity for furniture mills, panel manufacturers, and pulp producers, who run contract-farming and aggregator networks. The fragmentation also raises the cost of EUDR-style traceability compliance materially.
Smallholders — defined as plot holders managing ≤50 rai (≤8 hectares) of plantation land — control approximately 72% of Thailand's commercial timber and rubber plantation area in 2024 per RAOT, RFD, and OAE surveys. The smallholder dominance is highest in rubber (>80% of planted area held by smallholders) and eucalyptus (~70%) and lowest in acacia and teak (<40%, where state and corporate plantations dominate). Smallholder fragmentation creates downstream procurement complexity for furniture mills, panel manufacturers, and pulp producers, who run contract-farming and aggregator networks. The fragmentation also raises the cost of EUDR-style traceability compliance materially.
Time scope
2024
Source basis
Supporting source
Interpretation notes
What this tells you
Smallholders — defined as plot holders managing ≤50 rai (≤8 hectares) of plantation land — control approximately 72% of Thailand's commercial timber and rubber plantation area in 2024 per RAOT, RFD, and OAE surveys. The smallholder dominance is highest in rubber (>80% of planted area held by smallholders) and eucalyptus (~70%) and lowest in acacia and teak (<40%, where state and corporate plantations dominate). Smallholder fragmentation creates downstream procurement complexity for furniture mills, panel manufacturers, and pulp producers, who run contract-farming and aggregator networks. The fragmentation also raises the cost of EUDR-style traceability compliance materially.
What not to do with it
Smallholder defined as ≤50 rai (≤8 hectares). Share is by planted area, not output value.
Related figures
Adjacent numbers that add context without drowning the value.
Thailand forestry and timber sector revenue (2020-2024)
Forest Industry Organization
Thailand eucalyptus plantation area (2020-2024)
Royal Forest Department
Thailand rubberwood byproduct volume (2020-2024)
Rubber Authority of Thailand
Thailand HS 4407-4412 wood product exports (2020-2024)
Thai Customs Department; Ministry of Commerce; FTI Wood Industry Club
Thailand commercial plantation mix by species (2024)
Royal Forest Department
FIO teak harvest volume
Forest Industry Organization
Report context
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Profiles covered in the report that cite this number.